| July Both low-level tremor and intermittent bursts of tremor continued at Veniaminof during 3-10 September. Due to the continuing seismicity and reports of unusual steaming, the Concern Color Code remained at Yellow. Steam and diffuse ash plumes were periodically identified in webcam and satellite images. AVO stated that at this level of seismic unrest, low-level steaming and minor ash emissions may occur at any time. On 10 March, a pilot reported low-level ash emitted form the intracaldera cone. Seismicity remained at elevated levels and satellite images showed a persistent thermal anomaly at the intracaldera cone. An incandescent bright orange-red fan-shaped lava flow was being extruded from the central mound and moving E into what looked like the E-W trench at the base of Half Cone. During the last week of September, low-level tremor and intermittent small tremor bursts may have occurred at Veniaminof, but high winds in the area caused considerable vibrational noise, masking the signal of interest, and making analysis of seismic records inconclusive. Open water was present in the narrow area between the two parts of the dumbbell, and the E part was characterized by an unusual fracture pattern. Ash deposits from activity during the previous week had darkened the snow along the caldera rim, but no ash fell on Perryville. The Aniakchak, Cerberus, Gareloi, Great Sitkin, Pavlof, Veniaminof, and Wrangell subnetworks had insufficient numbers of located earthquakes to calculate a Mc. Cloudy conditions obscured views of the volcano in web camera and satellite data. Minor emissions of volcanic ash and steam were occasionally observed using web camera images during times of clear weather. Veniaminof remained at Concern Color Code Orange. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale) and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the second highest level on a four-level scale). Minor steam emissions were recorded by the webcam on 7 October. Though seismicity remained above levels recorded this summer, it has remained roughly constant for the past month at a level notably lower than in September, when the color code was raised to Yellow. By 13 June, seismicity levels and elevated surface temperatures at the summit of the cinder cone (as measured by satellite images) indicated an eruption was likely underway, causing AVO to raise the Aviation Color Code and the Volcano Alert Level to Orange/Watch. Satellite imagery on 19 February at 1410 showed a small, dark trail on the snow leading away from the intracaldera cone that was likely a very localized ash deposit. By the time of a USGS overflight 15 June, the eruption had built a new cinder cone, roughly 150 m high and 500 m in diameter, within the central crater of the pre-existing 300 m-high cone in the S part of the 10 km-diameter ice-filled caldera (figure 2). The Concern Color Code remained at Yellow. On 14 October residents of Perryville observed continued emission of a gray steam-and-ash plume to about 1 km above the summit. The Concern Color Code at Veniaminof was increased from Green to Yellow on 3 March. Satellite and webcam data showed elevated surface temperatures. The summit of a mountain or hill may be measured in three main ways: . . Veniaminof remained at Concern Color Code Yellow. This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Stratigraphy and significance of Brown Tuffs on the Aeolian Islands (southern Italy). Ash emissions from the cone in Veniaminof’s ice-filled summit caldera significantly increased overnight during 20-21 November, prompting AVO to raise the Aviation Color Code to Red and the Volcano Alert Level to Warning (the highest levels on four-level scales). On 26 May, AVO reported that seismicity from Veniaminof had decreased during the previous week. They expected that steam-and-ash emissions similar to those observed on 7 September might continue intermittently and could pose a hazard to people and low-flying aircraft in the vicinity of the active cone. Variable seismicity continued through 12 December, though there was no visual confirmation of lava effusion. Satellite imagery from 2310 UTC (1410 AST) on 19 February showed a small, dark trail on the snow leading away from the intracaldera cone, possibly an intra-caldera ash deposit. The Concern Color Code remained at Yellow. No thermal anomalies were observed on satellite imagery. AVO lowered the Aviation Color Code and Volcano Alert Level to Orange and Watch, respectively, because of decreased ash emissions. On 24 June satellite images detected elevated surface temperatures and a plume that drifted SW. Due to the increased activity, Veniaminof was upgraded to Concern Color Code Yellow. Veniaminof remained at Concern Color Code Yellow. Steam was emanating from a depression 180-275 m wide in the glacial ice E of the cone's base. During an ongoing eruption, AVO will update the forecast with actual observations (eruption start time and duration, plume height) as they become available. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale) and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the second highest level on a four-level scale). Periods of volcanic tremor diminished, and no discrete events associated with ash bursts had occurred for several days. The discrete ash emissions were small, rose hundreds of meters above the cone, and dissipated as they drifted E. Minor ash fall was probably confined to the summit caldera. We received no subsequent reports of seismicity until 11 February 2008, when the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) noted sporadic increases in seismic activity, including tremor episodes that lasted 1-2 minutes and occurred several times per hour. Vapor clouds from the pit seemed to be emerging from a cavern in the portion nearest the cone, suggesting that a flank eruption may have been occurring beneath the ice. Slightly elevated levels of seismicity continued through at least 6 October. and drifted E on 5 November. A further reduction in activity at Veniaminof during 25 February to 4 March led AVO to reduce the Concern Color Code from Yellow to Green, the lowest level. Our previous report on Veniaminof (BGVN 31:08) noted the relative quiescence of the volcano through 15 September 2006, with the seismicity remaining low, but above earlier background levels. Source: Instituto Nicaragüense de Estudios Territoriales volcano activity update 18 February 2021 Sangay (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. However, beginning in the afternoon intermittent tremor appeared and gradually became continuous. On 22 July at 1229, an AVO field crew witnessed a small ash burst rise a few hundred meters above the summit of the intracaldera cone (figure 10). Without additional observations, AVO could not determine if this indicated very low-level eruptive activity or vigorous steaming from the cone. The Level of Concern Color Code remained Yellow due to the continuing seismicity. Weather clouds obscured the volcano from mid-December through early January. The emissions did not exceed a height of 3 km a.s.l. AVO reported that the eruption at Veniaminof continued during 3-9 October based on periodic incandescence recorded by the FAA web camera in Perryville (35 km S), elevated surface temperatures in thermal satellite data, and elevated tremor levels. Cloud cover sometimes prevented web cam views (from Perryville, 32 km SSE) of the intracaldera cone, although on 4 September a diffuse ash plume was observed rising several hundred feet above the cone and drifting E. On 7 September the web cam recorded a plume more steam-rich than in recent days. Cloud height up to [~4 km a.s.l.] AVO raised the Concern Color Code at Veniaminof from Yellow to Orange on 10 January as ash emissions from the volcano's intracaldera cone reached heights of nearly 4 km during 8-10 January (figure 11). No new visual observations had been received since the last update. AVO expected that steam-and-ash emissions may continue intermittently for days to weeks and could pose a hazard to people and low-flying aircraft in the vicinity of the active cone. Sporadic increases in seismic and eruptive activity were noted since 11 February, including tremor episodes that lasted 1-2 minutes and occurred several times per hour. Prior to an eruptive episode that began in June 2013, lava had last erupted during Strombolian activity in February 2005; subsequent minor ash emissions occurred later in 2005, November 2006, and February 2008. Two new lava flows were also observed issuing from the NE flank of the new cone. Seismicity was at levels similar to the previous week, suggesting that ash-burst activity continued. The Veniaminof edifice has a basal diameter of ̃40 km, a volume of ̃350 km 3 , and an 8-km-diameter ice-filled caldera whose wall reaches an elevation of 2500 m. Cloudy conditions obscured views of the volcano by web camera and satellite. Minor ash emissions in early October 2002; increased seismicity in December. On the morning of 27 February, a small dark ash cloud that dissipated after about 2 hours was visible from Perryville. Veniaminof volcano news & activity updates: Veniaminof volcano (Alaska Peninsula, USA) activity update. No activity was observed from Perryville . Reference List: Lu and Dzurisin 2014, Fournier and Freymueller 2008. During 28 January to 4 February, seismicity at Veniaminof was similar to levels for the previous week, with low-amplitude tremor and occasional larger bursts. Discrete seismic events occurred at rates up to 1-2 events per minute, along with moderate levels of volcanic tremor. During 28 February-3 March, views were obscured by cloud cover. Seismic station outage announced 17 November 2009, with seismic reports returning 8 June 2013. During the last week of July, the cone produced variable amounts of white steam from at least two separate craters near its top. Veniaminof remained at Concern Color Code Yellow. AVO scientists believed tremor episodes likely represented low-level ash-and-steam emissions similar to those observed during the previous 2 months. A small eruption plume was observed on satellite imagery by the U.S. National Weather Service on 30 July, but none were seen in the following days. Strong MODVOLC thermal alert pixels, up to 12 per day, continued almost daily through the end of July. Images also showed that most of the lava flows traveled S of the cone a short distance (hundreds of meters). The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow and the Volcano Alert Level was lowered to Advisory. During 15-18 June satellite images showed very high elevated surface temperatures at the intra-caldera cinder cone consistent with continued lava effusion. The ash was confined to the caldera. Web camera images from Perryville (32 m SSE) showed incandescence from the Veniaminof intracaldera cone. reported a small steam plume. Minor steam and ash emissions in November. | November No ash emission was observed on 17 August at 1930, although a white vapor cloud rose above the active vent. and drifted more than 240 km SE. Steam and diffuse ash plumes were periodically identified in webcam and satellite images; plumes rose as high as 4.9 km (16,000 ft) a.s.l. On 4 September low-level ash emissions (less than 3 km or 10,000 ft a.s.l.) | July Perryville residents observed glow over the summit of the volcano during the evenings of 31 December, and 3, 4, 11, and 13 January. Small plumes seen; warm spots identified from satellite images. Veniaminof, on the Alaska Peninsula, is truncated by a steep-walled, 8 x 11 km, glacier-filled caldera that formed around 3,700 years ago. During the night of 26 December, they observed incandescent material being ejected from the summit area. Seismic activity fluctuated but remained above background levels. During 9-23 June, residents of Perryville, ~30 km S of Veniaminof, reported steam rising a few hundred meters over the summit. During 27-28 November acoustic waves were recorded by regional infrasound sensors. Miller T P, Smith R L, 1977. Lava flows, Strombolian activity, and ash plumes during 13 June-17 October 2013. The flow had advanced farther into the ice pit and was within 50 m of dividing the meltwater lake into two parts. Veniaminof remained at Concern Color Code Green. Ash rose a few hundred meters above the cone, drifted E, and dissipated rapidly. Table 1. Lava flowed into the W part of the dumbbell and sank into the ice, from which billowing clouds of steam were rising. Seismicity during 22-26 August remained low; small ash bursts were probably produced during short periods of elevated tremor. By 25 October the lava flow had traveled as far as 1.2 km (figures 29 and 30). During 26-30 June web camera images from Perryville showed a small light-colored plume rising above the cone to just above the rim of the caldera, and night time images showed persistent incandescence from the cone. 2008: February Figure 15 shows a photo taken on 26 June. . The activity was similar to the 1983-84 eruption, which produced a lava-floored ice pit at the base of the cinder cone's S flank. Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. Bad weather has prevented any overflights by USGS personnel since 4 November. . The N and upslope end of the lava field was apparently the source area for most, if not all, of the flows. The lava flow had traveled 1 km down the S flank of the summit cone by 1 October. Early 25 June, ash was moving NE at 3.5-4 km altitude and several ash puffs were observed that afternoon. but fallout was confined to the crater. Ash deposits on the snow-covered caldera floor, and lava on the cone, were visible in satellite images on 14 June. Observed interferograms are averaged deformation maps for 1992?2010. Click on the index link or scroll down to read the reports. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale) and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the second highest level on a four-level scale). Seismicity remained elevated during 8-12 May. Satellite data acquired on 26 May showed ash deposits in the N and SE portions of the caldera. Catalogue of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska. The character of the seismicity changed slightly during the report period, with frequent periods of continuous banded volcanic tremor occurring, but the amplitudes of earthquakes did not increase. The eruptive history of Mount Veniaminof, one of the largest and most active volcanoes in the Aleutian arc, is being established through geologic mapping, geochemistry, and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar and K-Ar geochronology. During an overflight on 26 July, the active cone emitted small bursts of pink-gray ash, and a white vapor cloud rose from the summit area. Satellite and webcam views showed nothing unusual. Witnesses aboard a ferry passing Veniaminof early the next morning noted lava fountaining and an active lava flow. Clouds obstructed visibility during 7-14 April. Clear views earlier on 30 May showed steam emissions from near the base of the intracaldera cone, which rarely rose above the top of the cone. During clear weather, satellite imagery showed anomalous heat at the summit cone, consistent with hot blocks and ash being ejected from the active vent. A short eruptive pulse was recorded during 1526-1726, and then afterwards ash plumes rose to below 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. During clear weather, satellite imagery showed anomalous heat at the summit cone, consistent with hot blocks and ash being ejected from the active vent. Fumes rose from the cone but no point-source fumaroles were apparent. On 30 May a weak daytime thermal anomaly was recorded, possibly due to solar heating inside the dark intra-caldera cone.

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