1998: n,k 0.29-0.62 µm; 25 °C RbI (Rubidium iodide) HfO2 (Hafnium dioxide, Hafnia) H2O, D2O (Water, heavy water, ice) Bi2Se3 (Bismuth selenide) Cu (Copper) VC (Vanadium carbide) D2 (Deuterium) SrTiO3 (Strontium titanate, STO) InAs (Indium arsenide) Refractive index [ i ] n = 1.4585. Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 293 K 1998: n,k 0.29-0.62 µm; 500 °C ThF4 (Thorium tetrafluoride) GaSe (Gallium selenide) Ru (Ruthenium) Fe3O4 (Iron(II,III) oxide, Magnetite) Mo (Molybdenum) HgS (Mercury sulfide) It forms the basis of nearly all non-optical semiconductor devices. The simplest of these is the Kerr effect, which can be described as a change (usually an increase) in the refractive index in proportion to the optical intensity I with the nonlinear refractive index n2. K (Potassium) Tab-delimited data file for unrestricted use: © Copyright 2021 KLA Corporation. GaSb (Gallium antimonide) Ag3AsS3 (Silver arsenic sulfide) Au (Gold) By using this site, you agree to our updated Privacy Policy and our Cookie Policy. The "native" oxide layer that forms in typical ambients must often be taken into account when measuring the thickness or refractive index of very thin films on silicon. CaF2 (Calcium fluoride) Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 600 K Because fused silica is optically stable and consistent, many use it as a reference or standard for spectroscopic measurements. InSb (Indium antimonide) Vuye et al. SrMoO4 (Strontium molybdate) Ge (Germanium) Green and Keevers 1995: n 0.25-1.45 µm, k 0.25-1.00 µm Sc (Scandium) VN (Vanadium nitride) Vuye et al. δ / t, where t is the thickness of the block. RbF (Rubidium fluoride) KI (Potassium iodide) Refractive index database [about] Shelf. Refractive Index of Ge, Germanium Germanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ge and atomic number 32. CuCl (Cuprous chloride) No guarantee of accuracy - use at your own risk. N2 (Nitrogen) LiCaAlF6 (Lithium calcium aluminum fluoride, LiCAF) Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 400 K Vuye et al. T = 300 K. (Philipp and Taft [1960]). The wave length is A=632-8nm. NH4H2PO4 (Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ADP) [TXT - tab separated] Real and (negative) imaginary components of the refractive index for silicon at 300 K. The reflectivity of a polished silicon wafer is determined from the complex refractive index. TeO2 (Tellurium dioxide) Co (Cobalt) KCl (Potassium chloride) Salzberg and Villa 1957: n 1.36-11 µm Å ik et al. B4C (Boron carbide) A. Studna. 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 RefractiveIndex.INFO Si (Silicon) Aspnes and Studna 1983: n,k 0.21-0.83 µm. Vuye et al. Pb5Ge3O11 (Lead germanate, PGO) Y3Al5O12 (Yttrium aluminium garnet, YAG) refractive index has been reported to increase up to the order of 10 2 by electron irradiation of 18keV.3) The value was found to increase by more than 3 10 2 by applying pressure up to 2GPa.5) Density, , and mean polarizability, , are two major factors that determine refractive index, n, … For a typical sample of Si the refractive index Low-level absorption spectrum of high purity Si at various temperatures. Lu (Lutetium) The optical properties of porous silicon layer described as a mixture of air, silicon, and silicon dioxide are determined by the thickness, porosity, refractive index, … AlSb (Aluminium antimonide) AgCl (Silver chloride) TlBr (Thallium bromide) Lu2O3 (Lutetium sesquioxide) Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 250 K The units of that quantity are m 2 /W (or cm 2 /W) in the SI system, but in older literature one finds n2 values in esu units. AlN (Aluminium nitride) V (Vanadium) ZnSe (Zinc selenide) Rh (Rhodium) BeO (Beryllium monoxide) CO (Carbon monoxide) CsF (Cesium fluoride) SiC (Silicon carbide) BaF2 (Barium fluoride) a = 0.48553 nm, b = 0.52194 nm, c = 0.52194 nm, Z = 4. W - wavelength a - absorption coefficient   Vuye et al. -300-200-100 0 Below are files of complete refractive index and extinction coefficients. Tm (Thulium) Ar (Argon) Li (Lithium) Bi4Ge3O12 (Bismuth germanate, BGO) Aspnes and Studna 1983: n,k 0.21-0.83 µm For a typical sample of Si the refractive index and extinction coefficient at 632.8 nm are 3.88163 and 0.01896923. Pierce and Spicer 1972: α-Si; n,k 0.0103-2.07 µm, Crysal orientation: <111>; Doping: 2.3×1014 cm-3, n; Room temperature, D. E. Aspnes and A. Recommended values of refractive index for the transparent spectral region were generated in the ranges 1.2 to 14 μm and 100–740 K for silicon, and 1.9 to 16 μm and 100–550 K for germanium. Rev. MoO3 (Molybdenum trioxide) GaAs (Gallium arsenide) TiO2 (Titanium dioxide) PbTiO3 (Lead titanate) The data for the above graph is given below. B. Theeten (1980) "Spectroscopic Analysis of the Interface Between Si and Its Thermally Grown Oxide" J. Electrochem. Schinke et al. Chromium (Cr) Green 2008: n,k 0.25-1.45 µm Book Page. Refractive Index of Si3N4, Silicon Nitride, SiN, SiON for Thin Film Thickness Measurement Refractive Index of Si3N4, Silicon Nitride, SiN, SiON For a typical sample of Si3N4 the refractive index and extinction coefficient at 632.8 nm are 2.02252 and 0. Re (Rhenium) LiCl (Lithium chloride) Zr (Zirconium), Page BaTiO3 (Barium titanate) Shelf Hf (Hafnium) GaP (Gallium phosphide) Kr (Krypton) Experimental (dashed line) and theoretical (solid line) values of reflectance versus photon energy for Si. KNbO3 (Potassium niobate) YbF3 (Ytterbium trifluoride) Bi12GeO20 (Bismuth germanate, BGO) 1993: n,k 0.26-0.83 µm; 100 °C Fe2O3 (Iron sesquioxide, Hematite) TiC (Titanium carbide) TiH2 (Titanium hydride) 1993: n,k 0.26-0.83 µm; 150 °C Ir (Iridium) Mon-Fri), To request the proprietary encrypted file please enter your Filmetrics® system information, Your serial number could not be found. Edwards and Ochoa 1980: n 2.5-25 µm C (Carbon, diamond, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes) and extinction coefficient B 27, 985-1009 (1983), [CSV - comma separated] AlAs (Aluminium arsenide) WSe2 (Tungsten diselenide) KH2PO4 (Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KDP) Refractive index data for silicon and germanium were searched, compiled, and analyzed. Dielectric functions and optical parameters of Si, Ge, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InP, InAs, and InSb from 1.5 to 6.0 eV, Phys. OTHER - miscellaneous materials RbCl (Rubidium chloride) Infobox references. Na (Sodium) SiO (Silicon monoxide) 3D - selected data for 3D artists, Book AgGaS2 (Silver gallium sulfide, AGS) Wavelength, µm n, k. Chart context menu. (1997) Optical photon energy: 3C-SiC : 102.8 meV: 300 K: Goldberg et al. k = 0.030209. LiIO3 (Lithium iodate) O2 (Oxygen) (Macfarlane et al. ZnGeP2 (Zinc germanium phosphide, ZGP) 1998: n,k 0.29-0.62 µm; 250 °C Mg (Magnesium) CsLiB6O10 (Cesium lithium borate, CLBO) TiN (Titanium nitride) YVO4 (Yttrium orthovanadate) GLASS - glasses For example, here is a shortlist of refractive index and absorption values for common nanomaterials below. Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 500 K NaBr (Sodium bromide) Refractive index basics. +1 858-573-9300 It is a white, high-melting-point solid that is relatively chemically inert, being attacked by dilute HF and hot H MgH2 (Magnesium hydride) Cu2O (Copper(I) oxide) KTiOPO4 (Potassium titanyl phosphate, KTP) Tl3AsSe3 (Thallium arsenic selenide, TAS) MoSe2 (Molybdenum diselenide) Daub 1995: k 0.94-1.42 µm (24 Hr. 1998: n,k 0.29-0.62 µm; 700 °C LuAl3(BO3)4 (Lutetium aluminium borate, LuAB) MAIN - simple inorganic materials Å ik et al. Si (Silicon) 1993: n,k 0.26-0.83 µm; 250 °C MoTe2 (Molybdenum ditelluride) Y2O3 (Yttrium sesquioxide) Silicon forms a nearly-ideal surface layer of SiO2 when exposed to oxidizing environments. Se (Selenium) CsI (Cesium iodide) Optical constants of Si 3 N 4 (Silicon nitride) Philipp 1973: n 0.207-1.24 µm. Mon-Fri), +1 858-573-9300 Xe (Xenon) Mn (Manganese) Al (Aluminium) CaCO3 (Calcium carbonate, Calcite) Si 3 N 4 is the most thermodynamically stable of the silicon nitrides. The "native" oxide layer that forms in typical ambients must often be taken into account when measuring the thickness or refractive index of very thin films on silicon. Ca (Calcium) Silicon oxynitride is a ceramic material with the chemical formula SiO x N y. 1993: n,k 0.26-0.83 µm; 200 °C Generation of these values was based on a dispersion equation which best fits … The standard deviation of these measurements is 3.5 X 10-5. Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 750 K Pd (Palladium) LiNbO3 (Lithium niobate) Academic Press, Boston, 1985. Book Page. 1993: n,k 0.26-0.83 µm; 300 °C Select Refractive index properties of nanoparticles BiB3O6 (Bismuth triborate, BiBO) 1993: n,k 0.26-0.83 µm; 350 °C CaMg(CO3)2 (Calcium magnesium carbonate, Dolomite) at 632.8 nm are CdGeAs2 (Cadmium germanium arsenide) The refractive index of silicon thin films prepared by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) was determined at various measurement temperatures T m (T m = 95−673 K in the energy range 0.5–2.0 eV. Sn (Tin) Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 350 K This work investigates whether thin-film optics with a constant refractive index can be applied to high-[Tc] superconducting thin films. decreases from about 80 to about 10. Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 100 K (24 Hr. Vuye et al. Nb2O5 (Niobium pentoxide) As2S3 (Arsenic trisulfide) Each material in the database has refractive index listed as a function of wavelength over a range typically required for thin-film thickness measurement. LiF (Lithium fluoride) SiO2 (Silicon dioxide, Silica, Quartz) The properties of the non-oxide ceramic silicon nitride (Si3N4) make this CeramTec ceramic the material of choice for extremely demanding applications: Among other features, Si3N4 ceramics are resistant to impact and strikes thanks to their very high fracture toughness. Second, n varies between 1-5 for the silicon oxide film to 1-80 for the silicon nitride one. Al2O3 (Aluminium sesquioxide, Sapphire, Alumina) LiBr (Lithium bromide) Refractive index n versus photon energy. NH3 (Ammonia) Standard refractive index measurements are taken at the "yellow doublet" sodium D … The details of its refractive index … The first observation is that the refractive index has the same value what- ever the thickness is. Brechungsindex Referenz - Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids, Edward D. Palik. "Request". (Chelikowsky and Cohen [1976]). ZnO (Zinc monoxide) [Full database record], RefractiveIndex.INFO website: © 2008-2021 Mikhail Polyanskiy, refractiveindex.info database: public domain via CC0 1.0, NO GUARANTEE OF ACCURACY - Use on your own risk, Silicon - Infrared Multilayer Laboratory, University of Reading. Eu (Europium) LaF3 (Lanthanum fluoride) Jellison 1992: n,k 0.234-0.840 µm SrF2 (Strontium fluoride) KF (Potassium fluoride) Å ik et al. Vuye et al. PbSe (Lead selenide) 2 4 6 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 RefractiveIndex.INFO SiO2 (Silicon dioxide, Silica, Quartz) Malitson 1965: Fused silica; n 0.21-6.7 µm. Some optical properties for nanomaterials can be found via google. Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 150 K Nb (Niobium) Wavelength, µm n, k. Chart context menu. In (Indium) Dy2O3 (Dysprosium sesquioxide) Te (Tellurium) Hg (Mercury) n k LogX LogY eV. n k LogX LogY eV. Below are files of complete refractive index and extinction coefficients. MoS2 (Molybdenum disulfide) Bi12SiO20 (Bismuth silicate, BSO) To clarify, this is for a Helium-Neon laser with λ=632nm (the wavelength in the Zetasizer). ZrO2 (Zirconium dioxide, Zirconia) Er (Erbium) Fe (Iron) Thin films with graded refractive index constituted from silicon and titanium oxides were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition using electron cyclotron resonance. GaN (Gallium nitride) Thickness and refractive index of silica gel layer between fused silica and water interface. Figure 3 gives the values of the refractive index for two thicknesses of the layer (about 100 and 600 nm). CdGeP2 (Cadmium germanium phosphide) InP (Indium phosphide) PbS (Lead sulfide) Ti (Titanium) RbTiOPO4 (Rubidium titanyl phosphate, RTP) MgO (Magnesium monoxide) Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Si3N4 (Silicon nitride) CO2 (Carbon dioxide) ZnTe (Zinc telluride) Ho (Holmium) Cs (Caesium) 1993: n,k 0.26-0.83 µm; 450 °C Rb (Rubidium)   MgF2 (Magnesium fluoride) Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 450 K BaB2O4 (Barium borate, BBO) He (Helium) MgAl2O4 (Magnesium aluminate, spinel) Extinction coefficient [ i ] k =. Vuye et al. Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 650 K Ne (Neon) Pt (Platinum) Ag (Silver) CsBr (Cesium bromide) Using the Wemple-Didomenico model, we calculated the static refractive index n 0, the average energy gap E m and the dispersion energy E d for each measurement temperature. YLiF4 (Yttrium lithium fluoride, YLF) also see Refractive index n vs. wavelength and photon energy: Shaffer & Naum (1971) Radiative recombination coefficient : 4H-SiC 6H-SiC: 1.5 x 10-12 cm 3 /s: 300 K, estimation: Galeskas et al. Zn (Zinc) BiFeO3 (Bismuth ferrite, BFO) Refractive index database [about] Shelf. Dopant levels also have a very small effect on the index of refraction in the wavelength ranges considered here (200 to 2500nm). The tight optical confinement provided by this high index allows for microscopic optical waveguides, which may have cross-sectional dimensions of only a few hundred nanometers. CS2 (Carbon disulfide) All rights reserved. Yb (Ytterbium) PbF2 (Lead difluoride) H2 (Hydrogen) CaMoO4 (Calcium molybdate) Created with Highcharts 5.0.14. For SiNx, the film stress, which is tensile, can be adjusted from about 400 MPa to about 200 MPa as the NH3/SiH4 ratio decreases from about 0.9 to 0.5. CdTe (Cadmium telluride) PbTe (Lead telluride) 1993: n,k 0.26-0.83 µm; 400 °C RbBr (Rubidium bromide) Academic Press, Boston, 1985. 1998: n,k 0.29-0.62 µm; 850 °C Created with Highcharts 5.0.14. PbI2 (Lead iodide) ZnSiAs2 (Zinc silicon arsenide) ZnS (Zinc sulfide) Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 200 K BP (Boron phosphide) Å ik et al. Bi4Ti3O12 (Bismuth titanate, BTO) Refractive Index Database The table below contains links to refractive index data for common materials. AgBr (Silver bromide) Chandler-Horowitz and Amirtharaj 2005: n 2.5-22.2 µm, k 6.25-23.3 µm Silicon is the second-most common element on Earth. If the file is not available for download, you can request our proprietary file by clicking [1959]). It is a lustrous, hard, grayish-white metalloid in the carbon group, chemically similar to its group neighbors tin and silicon. The refractive indices tabulated below apply whether the 111 or 100 crystal plane is exposed to the sample surface. AgGaSe2 (Silver gallium selenide, AGSe) Its refractive index varies from 1.55 to 1.40 (for its transparent range: 160nm to 3000nm). CdS (Cadmium sulfide) Refractive index is the ratio of velocity of light in free space to velocity of light in the medium for which it need to be calculated. CaWO4 (Calcium tungstate) Å ik et al. Ta2O5 (Tantalum pentoxide) This page on refractive index basics covers plots of refractive index of silicon and refractive index of glass.The refractive index database link is also mentioned. GaS (Gallium sulfide) PbMoO4 (Lead Molybdate) Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 700 K Refractive Index Reference - Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids, Edward D. Palik. Hence, Si 3 N 4 is the most commercially important of the silicon nitrides when referring to the term "silicon nitride". Sc2O3 (Scandium sesquioxide) KBr (Potassium bromide) SF6 (Sulphur hexafluoride) LiI (Lithium iodide) Ta (Tantalum) ORGANIC - organic materials Please try again or contact us if you feel this is in error. Yb2O3 (Ytterbium sesquioxide) Refractive index was measured using a recently de-veloped computerized refractive index measurement apparatus,5 which measures the deviation of mono-chromatic radiation through a prism specimen. 1993: n,k 0.26-0.83 µm; 20 °C Li 1980: n 1.2-14 µm; 550 K The reflectance and transmittance of YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7] films on LaAlO[sub 3] substrates are measured using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer at wavelengths from 1 to 100 [mu]m at room temperature. NaI (Sodium iodide) Os (Osmium) CsCl (Cesium chloride) Bi (Bismuth) Viewed 23 times 1 $\begingroup$ I learned that when fused silica contact with water, a layer of silica gel will be formed. 3.88163 and 0.01896923. Below are files of complete refractive index and extinction coefficients. KTaO3 (Potassium tantalate) This corresponds to a change in refractive index from 1.47 to about 1.50. As noted above, it is also available in a much more convenient Excel spreadsheet. Ni (Nickel) According to the formula, where ε 0 = 11.67 is static permittivity, refractive index of silicon approaches 3.416 as wavelength goes to infinity (to 1000 µm and more in our case). Pr (Praseodymium) CeF3 (Cerium trifluoride) LiB3O5 (Lithium triborate, LBO) CdSe (Cadmium selenide) Ask Question Asked 1 year, 6 months ago. Scanning δ (y) along the y direction, the integrated variation can be determined: (3) Δ n … CuO (Copper monoxide) Silicon nitride is a chemical compound of the elements silicon and nitrogen. W (Tungsten) GeO2 (Germanium dioxide, Germania) TlCl (Thallium chloride) Optical constants of Ag (Silver) Johnson and Christy 1972: n,k 0.188-1.94 µm. Silicon also has a very high refractive index, of about 3.5. 2015: n,k 0.25-1.45 µm Indices were determined for 24 wavelengths from 0.36 Vuye et al. Refractive index [ i ] n = 2.6473 Wavelength, µm n, k 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 2.56 2.58 2.6 2.62 2.64 2.66 2.68 2.7 RefractiveIndex.INFO SiC (Silicon carbide) … CuGaS2 (Copper gallium sulfide) D. E. Aspnes and J. Optically, silicon is most interesting as a detector or reflector, where its refractive index and extinction coefficient are of primary importance. NaF (Sodium fluoride) Active 1 year, 6 months ago. This corresponds to a change in refractive index from about 1.9 to 2.1. CaSO4 (Calcium sulfate) NaCl (Sodium chloride) WS2 (Tungsten disulfide) Pb (Lead) Be (Beryllium) B (Boron) Ce (Cerium) Sr (Strontium) The refractive index dispersion data below the interband absorption edge were analysed using the Wemple and Didomenico model.

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